第三期中国日报“新时代大讲堂”演讲嘉宾、中国日报海外版高级记者、国家外国专家局“国家高端项目专家”安德鲁·穆迪日前在演讲中指出,中国帮助非洲“筑巢引凤”的事实胜于雄辩。

安德鲁·穆迪是位英国人。有人可能会说,英国人聊中非关系,总难免隔靴搔痒吧?其实不然,换一个角度看问题,可以填补很多认知上的空白。

安德鲁·穆迪是中国日报社最资深的外籍记者之一,多次到访非洲大陆,6年前开始专注报道中非关系。采访过多位研究中非关系和金砖合作的政要、专家、学者,他怎么理解中非关系、金砖合作与全球化呢?

“等了西方30年,一无所获。”

对埃塞俄比亚时任总理梅莱斯·泽纳维的采访至今让安德鲁·穆迪印象深刻。

梅莱斯·泽纳维说:“我们已经等了30年,可一无所获。”

Meles said:“Well,we have waited 30 years and nothing much has happened.”

非洲不奢望西方能为他们投资基础设施,只是希望能帮助他们发展,让他们有可能支付基础设施建设所需的高额费用。

西方对非政策总体上是由世界银行和国际货币基金支持的“华盛顿共识”来主导。

The overall western policy had been dictated by the Washington Consensus espoused by such institution as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund.

基于此共识,非洲经济只有通过这些组织在采取自由市场政策的前提下才能得到发展。

African economies could only develop by them adopting free market policies, the consensus went.

这意味着要通过发展成功的私有经济来创造就业与市场繁荣、产生税收,从而为非洲经济最需要的基础设施建设埋单。

This would lead to them developing a successful private sector, which would lead to jobs and prosperity and generate tax revenues that would pay for the infrastructure African economies so badly needed.

但盼望着的那一天始终没有从西方那儿等来。

希望的曙光:中国

中国帮助非洲吸引外资,增强自身“造血”功能。

梅莱斯·泽纳维对万里之外的中国模式印象深刻。几乎在同一时期,中国从一个贫穷的农业国家一跃而成为世界第二大经济体。

The Ethiopian prime minister was far more impressed by another model - that of a country several thousand miles east of Addis Adaba that propelled itself from being a poor agrarian economy to being the second-biggest in the world in much the same time frame.

梅莱斯·泽纳维对中国的建筑公司非常欢迎。正是这些公司为埃塞俄比亚建起了公路、轻轨、电信设施,还建起了亚的斯亚贝巴通往吉布提的铁路,使得这个内陆国家有了出海口。

Meles welcomed in Chinese construction companies, which have now built roads, light rail, telecommunications and a major rail link from Addis to Djibouti giving the landlocked country access to the sea.

“新殖民主义”的论调甚嚣尘上

这个时候,中国在非洲搞“新殖民主义”的论调甚嚣尘上。西方社会以己度人,污蔑中非友谊。

但深入了解过中非合作的人都知道那些指责着实是夸大其词。

安德鲁·穆迪 中国日报记者 冯永斌 摄

安德鲁·穆迪告诉听众,2013年,他在北京采访前英国外交大臣杰克·司特劳。当时杰克·司特劳跟他这样说:

“我个人认为,这样的指责是极其不公平的。想想英国和法国曾经以何种方式‘强暴’非洲,我们在非洲的存在是残酷的、赤裸裸的、以追求权力和财富为目的。我不认为我们可以站在道德的制高点对中国做任何价值判断。”

“Personally, I think it is profoundly unfair. Given the way in which Britain and, in particular, France raped Africa. Our involvement was brutal and naked in the pursuit of power and wealth. I don’t think we are in any position to make any loaded value judgment about China,” he said.

“做出这样的批判是何居心?西方就该拥有一切?中国就该退回去做一个欠发达国家?”

“What is the point the critics are making? That the west should own everything? That China should go back to being a less developed nation?”

中国帮助非洲“筑巢引凤” 事实胜于雄辩

中国参与非洲建设,主要目的并不是为了获得非洲的资源,更多是为了在其他领域达成伙伴关系。

China’s primary involvement in Africa has not been about resources but more about partnership in many other areas.

2015年12月,在中非合作论坛约翰内斯堡峰会上,中国承诺为非洲提供三倍于之前的援助及其他方面的投资,总额达到600亿美元。

At the Johannesburg Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation in December 2015, China pledged to triple aid and other investment to $60 billion.

中非关系的最大问题之一在于外界对事实的误读。

One of the biggest problems China faces is its engagement with Africa is misrepresentation.

扶贫方面,中国是非洲的榜样

贫穷一直是非洲最大的问题之一,在非洲有4亿人生活在国际所公认的,维持生计的标准以下。

Poverty remains Africa’s biggest problem, with 400 million people living below accepted international standards of sustainable living.

中国国家主席习近平的著作《摆脱贫困》获得了来自中非高层对话及智库论坛的广泛关注。

Chinese President Xi Jinping’s own book, Up and Out of Poverty, received wide attention at the Africa-China High-Level Dialogue and Think Tank Forum.

《摆脱贫困》的中文、英文和法文版

本书涵盖了习近平主席在大约30年前任职福建宁德地委书记时所撰写的一系列文章及讲话。论坛内外的各界人士都对书中的观点留下了深刻的印象。

The book contains a series of articles and speeches written by the president when he was Party chief of Ningde, Fujian province, almost 30 years ago. Many at the forum and elsewhere have been impressed by the ideas in the book.

金砖国家合作前景广泛

“新兴市场国家之间确立关系,不论是经济、政治、文化、社会或是其他方面,都将会成为21世纪世界的一大潮流。

Engagement, whether economic, political, cultural, social or by any other dynamic, among emerging market countries will become one of the big global trends of the 21st century.

中国日报记者 冯永斌 摄

五个金砖国家——巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国、南非——如今从购买力的角度来看,其GDP总额已经达到40.55万亿美元,等同于全球GDP总额的32%。五个国家对全球经济增长的贡献达到50%。

The five BRICS countries — Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa — now have a combined GDP in terms of purchasing power parity of $40.55 trillion, 32 percent of the world’s total, and they account for 50 percent of global growth.

全球是否会步入贸易保护主义时代,实际上并不是现今住在白宫的人能够做出的决定。在这一问题上,新兴国家可能会有不同的看法。

Whether we move into a protectionist world may not actually be a decision of the current occupant of the White House. The emerging world might have other ideas.

据悉,第三期中国日报“新时代大讲堂”日前“首次出海”,在南非约翰内斯堡举行,主题是“金砖合作与全球化”。

(本文来自中国日报双语新闻微信号)

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