摘要:除了遗传基因导致脱发,长期处于高压状态下也会使头发提前进入休止期哦。而“脱发”则可以说hair loss。

学外语的朋友,最怕听到的不是“今天你脱单了吗?”

而是“你今天脱发了吗?”

这句话不知道从何时起,成为了大家日常中的口头禅。

一梳头,头发就大把大把地掉;明明才刚20出头,头顶就开始变得稀疏……

对很多人而言,头发最密集的部位永远不在头上,而在自家的地板和下水道。

就在近日,脱发话题又双叒叕上热搜了

据中国健康促进与教育协会公布的‘中国脱发人群调查’,中国成年男性中平均每4人就有1名脱发者。其中以20至40岁男性为主,30岁左右发展最快,这比上一代人的脱发年龄提前了20年。

脱发不仅对患者身体上有影响,对心理上也有造成一定的创伤。

在此前,徐峥曾在《星空演讲》中讲述自己20岁时的秃顶经历,自嘲45岁秃顶理直气壮,20岁就是鬼鬼祟祟的小人,心酸又好笑。

网友看完直呼心疼山争哥哥……

虽然很多年轻人在网上调侃自己,“第一批90后已经秃了”,“别人脱单我脱发”。

但每当脱发这件事发生在自己身上,简直是天打雷劈啊!

毕竟不是每个年轻人都能,敢于直面脱发的打击。

90后的年轻一代已然成为脱发大军的主力,那么究竟是什么叫人头秃,让秀发离你而去呢?日渐发亮的头顶还有没有希望恢复往日生机?这则TED科普给你答案。

秃顶与DHT

秃顶和脱发的罪魁祸首究竟是谁?DHT你需要了解一下:

Not all heads are hairy, and in fact, some of them grow increasingly patchy over time in response to bodily changes.

不是所有人的脑袋都是毛发旺盛的,实际上,随着时间的推移,有些人的头逐渐一块一块地变秃了。这是对身体变化做出的反应。

Some 95% of baldness in men can be attributed to male pattern baldness. Baldness is inherited, and in people with this condition, follicles become incredibly sensitive to the effects of dihydrotestosterone(DHT), a hormonal product made from testosterone.

男性中95%的脱发是由于男性型秃。秃顶是遗传的,有男性型秃的人,他们的发囊会变得对二氢睾酮(DHT)异常敏感。二氢睾酮是从睾酮中产生的激素。

DHT causes shrinkage in these overly sensitive follicles, making hair shorter and wispier. But loss isn’t sudden. It happens gradually, along a metric known as theNorwood Scale, which describes the severity of hair loss.

二氢睾酮导致这些过于敏感的毛囊缩小,使头发变得又短又细。但脱发不是一夜之间就脱掉的,它根据一个度量标准逐渐发生,这个度量叫诺伍德量表,用来衡量脱发的严重程度。

脱发的历程

所以,脱发也有其规律,按照诺伍德量表的度量标准逐渐发生,沿着太阳穴脱落,从头顶开始变稀疏。

First, hair recedes along the temple. Then hair on the crown begins to thin in a circular pattern.

首先,头发沿着太阳穴脱落,然后,头顶的头发一圈一圈地变稀疏。

At the highest rating on the scale, these balding areas meet and expand dramatically, eventually leaving only a ring of sparse hair around the temples and the back of the head.

达到这个量表的最高级时,秃了的部分相互连接然后大幅扩张,最后只剩下太阳穴周边一圈稀少的头发和后脑勺的头发。

关于脱发的原因

除了遗传基因导致脱发,长期处于高压状态下也会使头发提前进入休止期哦!所以保持乐观心态对于保护头发也是十分重要的!

Genetics isn’t all that drives hair loss.

基因不是导致脱发的唯一原因。

Long periods of stress can release signals that shock follicles and force them into a resting phase prematurely.

长期的压力会释放刺激毛囊的信号,并且使他们提早进入休止期。

Some women experience this after childbirth. Follicles might also lose the ability to go into anagen, the growth phase.

一些产后妇女会经历这个阶段。发囊也有可能失去能力,无法进入毛发生长初期,即生长期。

People going through chemotherapy treatment temporarily experience this.

接受化疗的人会暂时经历这个阶段。

stress at work or study 工作学习压力

insomnia 失眠

staying up late at night 熬夜

irregular life patterns 不规律的生活

excessive mobile phone use 过度使用手机

关于脱发的英文表达

英文里dye one's hair表示“染发”,而“烫发”则可以用perm或curl。那么,想要表示头秃、发量少,又该怎么说呢?

1. Bald

这个词大家都应该知道是表示“秃顶”,“全秃”英文还可以说completely bald。

例:At 20 he was already going bald.

他20岁就开始谢顶了。

2. Hairless

“无毛的”、“头秃的”,英文还可以用这个词表示。而“脱发”则可以说hair loss。

例:Compared to the hairless like George, having hair itself is lucky!

跟像乔治这样谢顶的人相比,有头发好幸运啊!

3. Thin hair

有些人发量本来就少,英文可以用thin来形容头发稀疏。相反,thick则可以用来表示头发茂密。

例: He says that the shampoo has made his thin hair shinier and softer.

他说用了那款洗发水,原本稀疏的头发变得更有光泽,更柔顺了。

4. Thin on top

除了用thin来形容hair,英文还可以用它来描述头顶。

例:I should have known I would be thin on top by 30—none of the older men in my family have much hair.

我早该知道不到30岁我就会秃顶——我家里比我年长的男人头发都不多。

如果,你在脱发,也不用太焦虑,不止是中国的年轻人在脱发。

According to the American Hair Loss Association, balding is a global issue that more and more young people have been struggling with in recent years. It says that 66 percent of US citizens started to lose their hair before the age of 35.

根据美国脱发协会,脱发是一个全球性问题,近年来开始困扰越来越多的年轻人。该协会表示,66%的美国人在35岁前开始脱发。

若你没有时间,也没有经济能力承受接发驳发的费用,可以尝试下面的技巧,让稀少的头发看上去更丰盈。

STEP 1 Find the right stylist

1.寻找合适的发型师

Ask around for a stylist that specializes in thin hair. If you live in a large city, do an Internet search for someone

with this expertise.

寻找一位专注研究稀少头发的发型师。如果你生活在大城市,可以上网收索这样的专业发型师。

STEP 2 Get a good cut

2.修剪合适的长度

Get a good cut -- which, for the thin-haired, means above the shoulder. Ask about layers, which work with some types of thin hair.

修剪合适的长度,对比较稀少的头发来说,头发长度在肩膀以上。询问一下哪些有层次感的发型适合比较少的头发。

STEP 3 Lighten up

3.提亮

If you don’t already have blonde, strawberry-blonde, or light brown hair, consider lighteningyour locks. Dark shades tend to accentuate thinning hair because they contrast with the scalp.

如果你的头发本身不是棕色,或者草莓金,或者浅棕色,考虑把头发染色。比较深的颜色会强调头发的稀少,因为会和头皮形成对比。

Coloring your hair plumps up the cuticles, making your hair look thicker, and highlights and lowlights give the illusion of thickness.

染色会使头发饱满,看上去更加厚密,染色和亮泽会让你的头发产生厚密的幻象。

STEP 4 Try a treatment

4.尝试治疗方法

Try an over-the-counter treatment that

stimulates hair growth. The downside--these products don’t work for everyone and stop working the minute you stop using them. For a more potent solution, ask your doctor for a preion.

尝试刺激头发生长的非处方疗法。缺点是——这些产品并不是对每一个人都有效,停止使用后就不再有效果。为了产生更持久的效果,请医生开处方。

STEP 5 Use the right products

5.使用合适的产品

Choose shampoos, conditioners, and styling products that contain panthenol. Go with lighter products, like mousse, versus gels.

使用含有泛酰醇成分的洗发水,护发素和定型产品。选择较轻的产品,比如摩斯而不是凝胶。

Don’t go crazy with the conditioner; it weighs down fine hair, making it look even stringier.

不要过分使用护发素,护发素会让纤细的头发下垂,看上去更加稀薄。

STEP 6 Invest in an Ionic hair dyer

6.购买离子吹风机

Invest in an Ionic hair dryer. They dry hair faster, reducing the heat damage that can lead to even thinner hair.

购买离子吹风机。可以更快吹干头发,降低热损伤,从而不会让头发看上去更稀薄。

STEP 7 Add some bounce

7.增加一些弹性

Add some bounce with a light body wave and maybe some hot rollers.

用体波或烫发卷给头发增加一些弹性。

STEP 8 Give yourself a messy part

8.打造蓬乱感

Give yourself a messy or zigzag part, which is better at camouflaging thin hair than a straight one.

让自己的头发蓬乱一点或者有点曲折,比直分更能掩饰稀薄的头发。

最后还是要叮嘱一句:

朋友们别熬夜

记得控制饮食

做一个拥有浓密发量的人!

来源:中国日报、微博、梨视频、网络等 翻译米综合编辑

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