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TEXT 691

经济学人:巴托比专栏:女性的一小步(1)

The glass ceiling in the corporate world is not broken, but it is starting to crack.Women are getting on to corporate boards at greater speed, and in greater numbers.

译文

企业界的玻璃天花板没有破碎，但就要开始破裂了。企业董事会中女性人数更多，增长速度更快。

Research by LinkedIn, a professional networking site, shows that across five countries (America, Germany, India, Italy and Norway) women it lists as directors reached the position faster than their male counterparts did.In America, for example, women got there 9.8 years after leaving university and men after 10.9 years.This suggests that younger women are making good progress in the boardroom. Overall, however, females are still lagging behind the males.

译文

职业网站LinkedIn研究表明在5个国家中（美国、德国、印度、意大利和挪威），女性坐上董事位子的速度比男性同事更快。例如，在美国，女性在大学毕业后需要9.8年爬上董事的位子，而男性则需要10.9年。这表明在董事会中，年轻女性正在取得很大的进步。但总体来看，女性仍落后于男性。

The proportion of people in leadership roles (director-level and above) that is female in the five countries varies from 17% in India to 35% in America.Britain has seen a clear advance;a campaign there called the 30% club has managed to increase the share of female directors of FTSE 100 companies from 12.5% in 2010 to 30.6%.But as the world marks International Women's Day on March 8th, it is clear that the glass ceiling has not shattered.Some firms may be paying only lip service to the idea of female leadership.

译文

在五个国家中，领导层女性（董事及以上）人数从印度的17%到美国的35%各不相同。英国已经有了明显的进步；英国‘30%俱乐’运动希望设法将英国富时100公司中女性董事的占比从2010年的12.5%增长至30.6%。但是在3月8日国际妇女节之日，很明显企业界的玻璃天花板还没有碎。一些公司或许不过是在口头上应承女性领导力这一想法。

A paper in the Academy of Management Journal highlights the phenomenon of "twokenism",a statistical bunching of American companies with exactly two female directors.The authors suggest this is directly related to the average number of female directors on S&P1500 boards in the period studied (2004-13), which was 1.92.By opting for two women, businesses could claim they had "above average" female representation.

译文

《管理学会杂志》中的一篇论文强调了“象征主义”现象，据统计很多美国公司中只有两名女性董事。其作者暗示这和研究时段（2014-13）中标准普尔1500董事会的女性董事平均人数（1.92）有着直接关系。通过选择两名女性入职，公司可以宣称自己公司女性代表人数“高于平均”。

In any case, a rise in the number of female directors is a narrow measure of female economic success.Having women at the top of organisations may inspire others to emulate them,and board members may be able push through more female-friendly policies lower down in their organisations.But the vast majority of women would never expect to become directors.What they value is an opportunity to get a well-paid job and to be free from discrimination while doing it.

译文

在任何情况下，女性董事人数的增加都是对女性经济成功的一种狭隘衡量。组织高层中有女性成员或许可以激励其他人模仿她们，并且董事会成员或许能够在企业中推行对女性更加友好地政策。但是大部分女性从未期待能成为董事。她们看重的是得到高薪工作的机会以及在工作中不受歧视。

注释

1.crack 破裂

We need to crack on rather than mope about.

我们要好好研究，而不是闷闷不乐。来源于《BBC》

2.shatter 粉碎

The Delhi bus rape should shatter our Bollywood fantasies.

德里公共汽车的强奸应该打破我们宝莱坞的幻想。来源于《THETIMES》

3.pay lip service to 口头上承认

Second, while many in Washington pay lip service to the long term, few act on it.

第二，虽然华盛顿的许多人口头上对长期持支持态度，但很少有人对此采取行动。来源于《WSJ》

4.emulate 模仿

Employees were expected to admire and emulate this devotion

员工们应该佩服和仿效这种奉献精神。来源于《WSJ》

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