我们已经从第一讲开始播放重新编辑的《零起点英语》咯,

让我们一起从零开始,从最基本的讲话,到认识单词和句子,到了解英语的语法,一起来学习,一起来成长,一点一滴的把英语学好。

Wood 用不完的木材 来自北京外语广播 00:00 25:00

The resources of the American colonies did not differ strikingly from those of Europe, except in one way. In this one area, the colonists enjoyed a great advantage. Especially by comparison with the British, Americans had a plentiful supply of wood. Wood was the foundation of colonial economy. First of all, houses and buildings were made of wood to an extent that was unknown in Britain. Secondly, wood was used as a fuel for heating and cooking. It was used for other things, too, but these are the two most important. Whereas Englishmen could be arrested for chopping down a tree on the king's land, Americans could find available wood everywhere they looked. Even today, America has an abundance of wood.

(文章节选)美国殖民地的资源和欧洲的资源并无显著的不同,只有在某方面有例外。在这方面,殖民者享有一个很大的利益。尤其是和英国人比起来,美国人拥有非常丰富的木材供应量。木材是殖民地的经济基础。首先,房舍和建筑物都是由木材建造,使用木材的程度在英国是前所未闻的事。其次,木材被用来当作燃料以供应暖气和煮饭。木材虽也可做其他东西,但这两项却是最重要的。英国人虽然可能会因在国有土地砍树而被捕,不过美国人却可利用他们在各地找寻到的木材。甚至在现在,美国还拥有非常丰富的木材。

语法重点

1. 介绍 first of all 及 at first 的不同:

a.first of all 表 ''第一点'' 或 ''首先'',用以按顺序陈述要点。请参看下列:

There are three things you need to know if you want to learn English well.

First of all / First / Firstly , you need to have a good dictionary.  Next / Second / Secondly   , you must read as much as possible every day.

Last / Lastly / Finally / Third / Thirdly   , you should learn to keep a diary in English, which will help sharpen your writing skills.

你若想学好英语,必须了解三件事。首先,你必须俱备一本好字典。其次∕第二,你每天都需大量阅读。最后∕第三,你应学习用英文写日记,这么做将有助于精进你的写作技巧。

b. at first 表 ''起初,起先'',该副词短语在句中出现时,恒与过去时动词

并用。请参看下例:

At first  / In the beginning , I thought John was honest. Later, I found him a liar.

起先我还以为约翰很老实。后来我才发现他是个爱说谎的人。

c. at last 表 ''终于'',请参看下例:

I'm glad that we finished all the work  at last / finally.

我很高兴我们终于把所有工作都做完了。

本课第五句及第六句句首分别使用了 First of all 及 Secondly 如下:

First of all, houses and buildings were made of wood to an extent that was

unknown in Britain. Secondly, wood was used as a fuel for heating and cooking.

首先,房舍和建筑物都是由木材建造……。其次,木材被用来当作燃料以供应暖气和煮饭。

2. 介绍 plenty 及 plentiful 的区别与用法:

a. plenty 是名词,表「许多」,必须与介词 of 并用,形成下列固定用法:

plenty of + 复数名词∕不可数名词

plenty of friends / books / pens / students...

许多朋友∕书∕笔∕学生……

plenty of work / money / information / water...

不少工作∕钱∕信息∕水……

I'm sorry, but I can't go hiking with you this weekend. I haveplenty of work to do.

很抱歉,这个周末我不能跟你一块健行了。我有许多工作要做。

Whenever David needs help, he has plenty of friends to offer him a hand.

每当戴维需要帮助时,他都有很多朋友向他伸出援手。

b. plentiful 是形容词,表 ''大量的'' 或 ''充分的'',有下列用法:

John's friends are plentiful.

= John has plentiful friends.

= John has plenty of friends.

约翰有很多朋友。

Paul has plentiful experience in fashion design.

保罗有很丰富的时装设计经验。

本课第二句即使用 ''a plentiful + 单数可数名词'' 的用法:

...Americans had a plentiful supply of wood.

……美国人拥有丰富的木材供应量。

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英语学习专家 | 赖世雄

台湾与大陆地区做英语广播教学的第一人,美明尼苏达大学英语教师、大众传播硕士,从事专任口译、笔译及大众传播研究多年。著有《初级美国英语教程》、《中级美国英语教程》、《高级美国英语课程》及《赖世雄教你轻松学英语》等300余种图书,涉及成人、儿童、升学、职场、生活等各个领域。

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