双语阅读｜英国退欧影响英超球员引进

英超引进球员规定来自翻吧 00:00 03:01

ENGLAND’S FOOTBALL Premier League, the richest in the world, is a giant exporter of culture. But it is also a big importer of labour. Last season 67% of minutes spent on the pitch were played by foreigners. At the most successful clubs Englishmen are even rarer: they made up just 6% of the minutes played by Chelsea last season.

英格兰足球超级联赛被誉为是世界上最富有的足球联赛，同时地是巨大的文化输出项目。不过，它也是一个庞大的人员流入赛事。在上赛季，67%的上场时间为外国球员占据。在最成功的占切尔西俱乐部里，英国本土球员极为罕见：他们在上赛季的上场时间只有6%。

The free movement of people within the European Economic Area (EEA) allows clubs to sign any European player they can afford. In contrast, they may sign a player from the rest of the world only if he has played a certain percentage of his matches for a country ranked within the top 60, or if he commands a transfer fee above the Premier League median, according to rules set by the English Football Association (FA), the game’s governing body. If these rules had been applied to European players, more than half the foreigners who signed to top-flight English clubs between 1992 and 2018 would have been blocked, finds Laurie Shaw of Harvard University.

在欧洲经济区(EEA)内，人员的自由流动让各家俱乐部能签下任何买得起的欧洲球员。相比之下，对于来自其他地区的球员，只有为全球排名前60名的国家队踢了一定比例的比赛，或者根据英国足总(FA)的规定，转会费用高于英超的中值的前提下，英国足球俱乐部才能签。哈佛大学的劳里·肖(Laurie Shaw)表示，如果这些规则用在欧洲球员身上，在1992年至2018年期间加盟顶级英超俱乐部的外国人中，会有超过一半的球员不合规。

Unless the rules are changed, all foreign players will face the same hurdles after Brexit that non-Europeans must currently clear. That would drastically reduce clubs’ ability to recruit from abroad. Unsurprisingly the Premier League is against this, arguing that eligibility requirements should be dropped for all overseas players. But the FA wants to restrict the number of foreign players, arguing that local sportsmen should get a shot at playing in their home league.

除非上述规则得到修改，否则在英国退欧之后，所有外国球员都将面临当前非欧洲球员必须要克服的障碍。这将大大降低英国俱乐部招募外国球员的实力。不出意料，英超反对并认为应该取消所有针对海外球员的资格要求。不过，英国足总希望能限制外国球员的数量，认为本土球员应该得到参加本国的联赛的机会。

The two positions may appear irreconcilable. But they could give way to a grand bargain. Under a plan reported by the Times newspaper, the FA would abolish eligibility rules for Premier League signings if clubs agreed to a lower cap on the number of foreigners on their teams. At the moment each 25-man squad is allowed up to 17 overseas players. The FA proposes to cut this, perhaps to nearer 12. In return, clubs could have their pick of the world’s footballers, free of the usual eligibility rules. That would allow them to snap up talented Brazilian teenagers, say, who are currently ruled out by their low cost or lack of experience.

这两种同立场似乎不可调和，但相互有很大的让步空间。根据《泰晤士报》报道，根据一项计划，如果俱乐部同意降低球队外籍球员的总数，英足总将取消英超签入的资格规定。目前，每支球队总球员数为25人，最多17名海外球员。英足总建议将海外球员人数削减至12左右。作为回报，各家俱乐部能在世界各地挑选球员，不受资格规则约束。这能生各家俱乐部吸引才华横溢的巴西青少年球员，因为这些球员现在要不身价低，要不缺乏经验而无法进入英超。

Under the rules of FIFA, football’s global governing body, Premier League clubs would only be allowed to sign foreign players aged 18 or over. FIFA makes an exception for clubs within the EEA, which are allowed to transfer European players from the age of 16. After Brexit, English clubs would lose that right, reducing their ability to sign young European talent on the cheap.

根据国际足联的规则，英超俱乐部只能签下年满18岁及以上的外国球员。国际足联特许欧洲经济区内的俱乐部签16岁的欧洲球员。英国退欧后，英格兰的俱乐部将失去这一权利，消解低价签欧洲年轻球员的实力。

Should the FA and the Premier League agree on their grand bargain, it would probably be approved by the government. Ministers have already argued that after Brexit migrants should be treated equally regardless of their country of origin. They would surely be glad to have a glamorous example of an industry in which greater opportunities for local workers were compatible with the notion of a more global Britain.

如果英足总和英超在这个问题上达成一致，很可能会得到英国政府的批准。英国首相认为，在英国退欧后，无论移民的原籍国如何，都应得到平等待遇。他们肯定会很高兴有这样一个鲜明的行业示范，能给本土员工提供更多的机会，同时又与更为全球化的英国理念相一致。

编译：陈丽梅&秦慧玲

编辑：翻吧君

来源：经济学人（2018.11.15）

阅读·经济学人

英国财政大臣准备提高税收

韩国新经济政策难断财阀手足

科技巨头虎视眈眈下的健康产业

优化公共资产可弥补政府债务窟窿

意大利政府债券与银行风险的“双簧”戏

电子烟引发青少年烟民数量暴增

除草剂致癌案让孟山都面临巨额赔偿