汽車研發與製造專業術語彙總
來源 |飛靈汽車
PP Production Proveout 生產驗證
TTO Tool Try-Out 工裝設備試運行
(J1) Job 1 整車投產
DFMEA Design Failure Mode Effects Analysis 故障模式影響分析設計
DVP Design Verification Plan 設計驗證計劃
DVP&R Design Verification Plan & Report 設計驗證計劃和結果
FMEA Failure Mode Effects Analysis 故障模式影響分析
FPDS Ford Product Development System 福特產品開發系統
GYR Green-Yellow-Red 綠-黃-紅
MRD Material Required Date 物料要求到廠日
OTT OK-TO-TOOL 可以開模
TKO Tooling-Kick-Off 工裝啓動
OEM original Equipment Manufacturer 設備最初製造廠
FtF/F2F Face To Face 面對面會議
PV Production Validation 產品驗證
OTS Off-Tooling-Sample 完全工裝樣件
QOS Quality Operating System 質量運作體系
TS-16949 Technical Specification – 16949 技術規範-16949
APQP Advanced Product Quality Planning 先期產品質量計劃
IPD In Plant Date 進廠日
PPM Parts per Million (applied to defective Supplier parts) 零件的百萬分比率（適用於供應商不合格零件）
PPAP Production Part Approval Process 生產件批准程序
Pre-PV Pre -Production Validation 產品預先驗證
1PP- First Phase of Production Prove-Out 第一次試生產
3C Customer(顧客導向)、Competition(競爭導向)、Competence（專長導向）
4S Sale, Sparepart零配件, Service, Survey信息反饋
5S 整理，整頓，清理，清潔，素養
8D- 8 Discipline
ABS Anti-lock Braking System
AIAG 美國汽車聯合會
ANPQP Alliance New Product Quality Procedure
Apportionment 分配
APQP Advanced Product Quality Plan
Backlite Windshield 後窗玻璃
Benchmark Data 樣件資料
bloodshot adj.充血的, 有血絲的
BMW Bavarian Motor Works
C.P.M Certified Purchasing manger 認證採購經理人制度
CB- Confirmation Build 確認樣車製造
CC- Change CutOff 設計變更凍結
CCSC- critical/significant characteristic
CCR Concern & Countermeasure Request
CCT Cross Company Team
Characteristics Matrix 特性矩陣圖
COD Cash on Delivery 貨到付現 預付貨款(T/T in advance)
CP1- Confirmation Prototype 1st 第一次確認樣車
CP2- Confirmation Prototype 2nd 第二次確認樣車
Cpk 過程能力指數Cpk=Zmin/3
CPO Complementary Parts order
Craftsmanship 精緻工藝
Cross-functional teams 跨功能小組
CUV Car-Based Ultility Vehicle
D1：信息收集；8D
D2：建立8D小組；
D3：制定臨時的圍堵行動措施，避免不良品流出；
D4：定義和證實根本原因，避免再發；
D5：根據基本原因制定永久措施；
D6：執行和確認永久措施；
D7：預防再發，實施永久措施；
D8：認可團隊和個人的貢獻。
DCC Design Change Control
DFA- Design For Assembly 面向裝配的設計
DOE Design Of Examination試驗設計
DQES Delivery Quality Evaluation System
DTL Direct To Line
DVP&R Design Validate Plan&Report設計驗證計劃報告
EDI electronic data interchange 電子數據交換
entire adj. 全部的, 完整的, 整個
ERP Enterprise Resource Planning
ES Engineering Specification工程規格
ESI Early Supplier Involvement 供應商先期參與
Ex-Work（工廠交貨）、FOB（船上交貨）、FAS（船邊交貨）或CIF（運保費在內交貨）
FEU- Field Evaluation Units 用戶市場實際體驗與評估
first gear 一檔
Flow Chart 流程圖
FMEA Failure Mode and Effects Analysis
four-wheel drive 四輪驅動
FRG- Ford Reliability Guideline 福特可靠性指導
Front Windshield 前擋風玻璃
Tempered glass 鋼化玻璃
front-wheel drive 前輪驅動
FSS- Full service supplier 全服務供應商
FTA Fault Tree Analysis
GD&T- Geometric Dimensioning & Tolerancing 標準公差
GR&R Guage Repeatability&reproducibility量具的重複性和再現性
grief-stricken adj. 極度憂傷的
heavy rain 大雨
HTFB- Hard Tooling Functional Build 工裝集成調試與驗證
IPO Individual Parts order
ISIR Initial Sample Inspection Report
JIT Just In Time
KD- knocked down/ Semi Knock Down(SKD) /Completely Knock Down(CKD)
KO Kick-off
Laminated glass 夾層玻璃
LP－Lean Production 精益生產
LR Launch Readiness
LS Launch Support
LVPM Local Vendor Packaging Method
MPV Multi-PurposeVehicle 多用途汽車
MRD Material Required Date
MRO Maintenance,Repair,and Operation
MTP- Make to print supplier 照圖加工供應商
N/A- Not Applicable
NCDR Non-Conforming Delivery Report
NCMAR Non-Conforming Material Action Report
NDA Non Disclosure Agreement 保密協定
NDS Nissan Design Specification
NML Nissan Motor Ltd
NVH- System Noise, Vibration & Harshness 系統噪音,振動及粗糙性
onetime adj.過去的，從前的
OSM- Outside of Material
OTC Over The Counter 非處方藥，可在櫃檯上賣的藥
PA Program Approval
pallet n. 托盤
Passenger Vehicle 乘用車
PAT- Program Attributes Team 產品屬性小組
PDL Product Design Letter
PH Proportions&Hardpoints
PIPC- Percentage of Indexes with Process Capability 能力指數百分比
PIST- Percentage of Inspection points Satisfying Tolerance 檢測點滿意工差百分比
PMT- Program Moudle Team 產品模塊小組
PO Purchase order
PPAP- Production Part Approval Process 生產件批准程序
PPSR Production Preparation Status Report
PQA Process Quality Assurance
PR Program Readiness
Pre-Launch 試生產
price-driven costing 價格引導成本
Production Preparation-Final Nissan - PT2/Renault - PP
Production Preparation-Initial Nissan - PT1/Renault - PPP3
Production Trial Run 試生產
Prototype 樣件
QFD Quality Funtion Deploy質量功能展開
QFTT Quality Functional Task Team
QR- Quality Reject 質量拒收
QS Quality Standard
RAN Release Authorisation Number
reverse 倒車檔
RFQ Request For Quotation詢價
RKD Reverse Knock Down
RLQ Receiving Lot Quantity
ROC Rate of Climb
ROI return on investment 報酬率
ROP Re-Order Point
RTO Required To Operate
SAIS Supplier Assessment & Improvement System
SC Strategic Confirmation/significant Charac'teristics
SDS- System/ Design Specifications 系統/設計說明
second gear 二檔
SFMEA System FMEA
Shipping Date 出貨日、Invoice Date 發票日或On Board Date 裝船日
Side Windshield 側窗玻璃
SJ Strategic Intent
SNP Standard Number of Parts
SOW- state of work 工作申明
SPC Statistical Process Control
SQA Supplier Quality Assurance
SREA- Supplier Request for Engineering Approval 供應商工程設計更改申請
ST Surface Tranfer
STRS Supplier Test Report System
Subcontractor 分承包商
Sunroof Windshield 天窗玻璃
SUV Sports Utility Vehicle
TAG Test Aptitude Graphique
TCO Total Cost of Ownership 總持有成本
TCRA Total Cost Reduction Activity
TGR Things Gone Right
TGW Things Gone Worst
TM Techinical Manual
TPM Total Preventive Maintenance
TTO-Tool Try Out 工裝驗證
UOM Unit Of Measure
VES Vehicle Evaluation System
VO- Vehicle Operation 主機廠
VPP- Vehicle Program Plan 整車項目計劃
VQA Vehicle Quality Assurance
VTTO- Vendor Tool Try-Out 供應商工裝驗證
WERS- World Wide Engineering Release System
WVTA Whole Vehicle Type Approval
凹坑 concave
車牀 lathe
抽查試驗spot check test
出廠試驗delivery test
次品defective product
調幅amplitude modulation (AM)
調頻 Frequency Modulation
斷差 offset
對講機 interphone
法平面normal plane
翻車rollover
返工 re-doing
防滑地板 no-skid floor
仿真emulation
副作用side effect
改裝廠 refitting factory
隔熱板heat shield
後圍側板 rear wall side cover
劃痕 scratch
假人dummy
間隙 interstice
節點pitch point
結皮現象skinning
扭矩torque
汽車總佈置草圖sketch for automobile layout
汽車總裝配圖automobile assembly drawing
汽油供給管gasoline feed pipe
汽油箱gasoline tank( petrol tank)
前圍角板 front wall angle cover
輕型客車light bus
曲軸crankshaft
三類底盤 three type chassis
上模upper die
甚高頻very high frequency (VHF)
下模bottom die(counter die)
消聲器silencer
選料上乘、做工精細be superior in material and excelllent in workmanship
儀表板 dash board
油門throttle
褶皺 crimple
整車運輸transportation of truck-load
總裝 final assembly
阻流板step,reflectro,baffle
最大扭矩轉速speed at maximum torque
左對齊left justify
報廢scrapping
皮紋 grain
OTS OFF TOOL SAMPLE 用批量生產的工模器具製造出的樣件
PVS Produktions Versuchs Serie 批量試生產
TMA Trial Manufacturing Agreement
2TP 兩日試生產，主要是驗證供應商的批量供貨能力
OS 零批量，是批量生產前的總演習，批產的全面驗證
SOP Standard Operation 即批量生產 Start-Of-Production Standard Operating Procedure 標準操作程序
QSV Qualitaes-Sicherungs-Vereinbarung 質量保證協議
BMG Bau-Muster-Genehmigung 產品工程樣件性能檢驗認可
Nullserie 零批量
QSR 質量體系要求
Bias 偏差
DB Durability Build 樣車階段
lead time n.訂貨至交貨的時間
sink mark 縮痕
LRR launch readiness review
Front bumper 前保險槓
Rear bumper 後保險槓
Radiator grille 格柵
Headlamp 前大燈
Tail lamp-liftgate 尾燈-行李箱蓋上
Tail lamp-quarter 尾燈-後側圍上
Front door trim panel 前門內飾板
Rear door trim panel 後門內飾板
Interior release handle bezel 內開手把手框
Power controls bezel 電動車窗開關框
Window interior capping 窗框飾條
Exterior mirror 外後視鏡
Body side moulding 防擦條
Cowl grille 通風格柵
Roof molding 車頂裝飾條
Lift gate molding 牌照板支架
Lift gate handle 行李箱蓋拉手
Weather strip_door openings 門框膠條
Weather strip_liftgate 行李箱膠條
A Pillar Trim A柱
B Pillar Trim upper B柱上
B Pillar Trim lower B柱下
Front scuff Plate 前門檻條
Rear scuff plate 後門檻條
Back panel trim lower 行李箱門檻條
Garnish trim-Quarter window
Cowl trim panel A柱下
Liftgate upper trim 尾門內飾板上
Liftgate side trim 尾門內飾板中
Liftgate lower trim 尾門內飾板下
IP
Defroster panel 除霜蓋板
Console 中控臺
Steering column cover 方向機柱上下蓋板
Cluster 組合儀表
Carpet 前地毯
Trunk carpet 後地毯
Front seat 前座椅
2nd row seat 第二排座椅
burr(金屬) flash(塑件)毛邊
gap 間隙
defective products 不良品
finished products 成品
disposed products 處理品
band-aid 創可貼
scratch 刮傷
dents 壓痕
縮水 Shrinkage
縮水 Sink Mark
頂白 Stress Mark
YC (Potential Critical Characteristic) 潛在關鍵特性
YS (Potential Significant Characteristic) 潛在重要特性
Restriction of Hazardous Substances 簡稱RoHS SGS, BV, TUV, Intertek, ETC BV-Bureau Veritas 法國國際檢驗局
首檢 First article inspection
自檢 Self-inspection
全檢 100% inspection
巡檢 process audit
開箱檢驗 out of box audit
出貨檢驗 out-going inspection
進貨檢驗 in-coming inspection
例行檢驗 Routine checking
確認檢驗 Confirming
全尺寸檢驗 full dimension inspection
可靠性試驗 Reliability test
在線檢驗 on-line inspection
線下檢驗 off-line inspection
1號廠房工藝佈置方案圖 proposal of the Plant I layout
2 套 two kits
J型轉彎試驗 test of J turn
保險槓 bumper
變光開關 simmer switch
薄殼式結構 shell construction
操舵力試驗 steering effort test
長途客車 inter-city bus
車輛轉移臺 bus transfer
襯墊 pad
除溼器 moisture ejector
搭接 lap
怠速時 at idle
底盤平移臺 chassis shuttle
吊運裝置 overhead hoist
鍍鋅板 galvanized plate
發車前準備 pre-delivery
發動機托架 engine holding frame
發動機中置式客車 bus with under floor engine
反衝試驗 kick-back test
返工 re-doing
防滑地板 no-skid floor
防破壞 vandal resistant
風洞試驗 wind tunnel test
改裝廠 refitting factory
鋼化玻璃 toughened grass
擱梁 shelf beam
更衣室 restroom
工位 station
功率突然變化影響試驗 test of effect of sudden power change
合籠 mate
恆溫控制 thermostatic control
橫風穩定性試驗 test of crosswind stability
後圍側板 rear wall side cover
互換性 interchangeability
極限側向加速度試驗 limiting lateral acceleration test
階路響應時間試驗 step response test
結構完整性 structure integrity
靜態操舵力試驗 static steering effort test
舉升 hoist
聚碳化透鏡 poly-carbonate len
空氣導流板 air deflector
寬敞懸臂式座椅 roomy cantilevered seat
亮麗的外表 smart apperance
磷化 phosphating
輪胎爆破響應時間試驗 test of burst response of tyre
輪輞錯動試驗 rim slip test
輪椅升降機 Wheel chair lift
輪罩護板 wheel house
馬力小時，馬力時horsepower-hour
脈衝響應試驗
內飾 trim
耐翻傾試驗 test of overturning immunity
扭矩torque
爬坡能力 grade ability
排水閥 drain valve
配電站 power transformer substation
拼裝臺 collector
頻率響應時間試驗 frequency response test
平衡水箱 surge tank
汽車平順性單脈衝輸入行駛試驗 automobile ride single pulse input running test
汽車平順性隨機輸入行駛試驗 automobile ride random input running test
汽車懸掛系統固有頻率與阻尼比的測定試驗 measurement of natural frequency and damping raito of suspension
前圍角板 front wall angle cover
嵌條 insertion strip
強制通風 ram-air ventilation
切割輪口 wheel -arch cutting
切齊 trimming
琴式驅動橋 banjo type drive axle
全天候空調系統 full range A/C
裙板 skirt
繞過障礙物試驗 obstacle avoidance test
三類底盤 three type chassis
收油門後控制試驗 test of control at breakway
輸出馬力shaft horsepower
水窪 ponding
瞬態響應時間試驗 transient response test
隨車工具 tool box
梭梁 stabilizing beam
縮微圖紙 microfiche files
停機時間 downtime
通風口 duct
圖例 legend
無公害柴油 clean diesel
線束 harness
消音器 muffler
小批量產品 be pilot
斜撐 bracing piece
懸架舉升試驗 jack-up test of suspension
壓條 trim strip
腰帶式安全帶 diagonal safety belt
腰梁 waist rail
儀表板 dash board
移線試驗 lane change test
異形鋼管 special steel pipe
翼板 fender
隱藏式固定 concealed fastening
遮陽板 sun visor
診斷報警系統 diagnosis and alarming system
織物紋裏鋁合金 textured aluminum extrution
制動穩定性試驗 test of braking stability
中塗 floating coat
轉向盤迴正性試驗 test of steering wheel returnability
轉向盤轉角階躍輸入試驗 steering wheel step input or transient state yaw response test
轉向盤轉角脈衝試驗 steering wheel impulse input test
自動癒合的防腐材料 self-healing corrosion preventative material
總馬力gross horse power
總裝 final assembly
組合式客車車身 modular bus body
最小轉彎直徑試驗 minimum turning diameter test
左側圍應力蒙皮 R/S stretching skin (road side)
汽車發動機類型type
發動機engine
內燃機intenal combusiton engine
動力機裝置power unit
汽油機gasoline engine
汽油噴射式汽油機gasoline-injection engine
火花點火式發動機spark ignition engine
壓燃式發動機compression ignition engine
往復式內燃機reciprocating internal combustion engine
化油器式發動機carburetor engine
柴油機diesel engine
轉子發動機rotary engine
旋輪線轉子發動機rotary trochoidal engine
二衝程發動機two-stroke engine
四衝程發動機four-stroke engine
直接噴射式柴油機direct injection engine
間接噴射式柴油機indirect injection engine
增壓式發動機supercharged engine
風冷式發動機air-cooled engine
油冷式發動機oil-cooled engine
水冷式發動機water-cooled engine
自然進氣式發動機naturally aspirated engine
煤氣機gas engine
液化石油氣發動機liquified petroleum gas engine
柴油煤氣機diesel gas engine
多種燃料發動機multifuel engine
石油發動機hydrocarbon engine
雙燃料發動機duel fuel engine
熱球式發動機hot bulb engine
多氣缸發動機multiple cylinder engine
對置活塞發動機opposed piston engine
對置氣缸式發動機opposed-cylinder engine
十字頭型發動機cross head engine
直列式發動機in-line engine
星型發動機radial engine
筒狀活塞發動機trunk-piston engine
斯特林發動機stirling engine
套閥式發動機knight engine
氣孔掃氣式發動機port-scavenged engine
傾斜式發動機slant engine
前置式發動機front-engine
後置式發動機rear-engine
中置式發動機central engine
左側發動機left-hand engine
右側發動機right-hand engine
短衝程發動機oversquare engine
長衝程發動機undersquare engine
等徑程發動機square engine
頂置凸輪軸發動機overhead camshaft engine
雙頂置凸輪軸發動機dual overhead camshaft engine
V形發動機V-engine
頂置氣門發動機valve in-head engine
側置氣門發動機side valve engine
無氣門發動機valveless engine
多氣門發動機multi-valve engine
臥式發動機horizontal engine
斜置式發動機inclined engine
立式發動機vertical engine
W形發動機w-engine
I形發動機I-engine
L形發動機L-engine
F形發動機F-engine
性能performance
二衝程循環two-stroke cycle
四衝程循環four-stroke cycle
狄塞爾循環diesel cycle
奧托循環otto cycle
混合循環mixed cycle
定容循環constant volume cycle
工作循環working cycle
等壓循環constant pressure cycle
理想循環ideal cycle
熱力循環thermodynamic cycle
衝程stroke
活塞行程piston stroke
長行程long stroke
上行程up stroke
下行程down stroke
進氣行程intake stroke
充氣行程charging stroke
壓縮行程compression stroke
爆炸行程explosion stroke
膨脹行程expansion stroke
