基於commit命令方式創建

docker的安裝

[root@test01 ~]# yum install docker
[root@test01 ~]# systemctl enable docker
[root@test01 ~]# systemctl start docker

下載本地鏡像

[root@test01 ~]# docker pull centos:7.4.1708
[root@test01 ~]# docker images 
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/centos 7.4.1708 3afd47092a0e 3 months ago 196.6 MB

創建交互型容器

[root@test01 ~]# docker run -it --name="mysql_server" centos /bin/bash

安裝mariadb服務

[root@e8126d0481d2 /]# yum -y install mariadb-server net-tools

初始化mariadb

[root@e8126d0481d2 /]# mysql_install_db --user=mysql

後臺啓動mariadb服務

[root@e8126d0481d2 /]# mysqld_safe &
[1] 114
[root@e8126d0481d2 /]# 
180210 13:45:27 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log'.
180210 13:45:27 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
[root@e8126d0481d2 /]# netstat -tunpl
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name 
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN - 

創建mariadb登錄密碼，並可以指定ip登錄

[root@e8126d0481d2 /]# mysqladmin -u root password '123456'
[root@e8126d0481d2 /]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql;
MariaDB [mysql]> select Host from user where user='root';
MariaDB [mysql]> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option;
MariaDB [mysql]> update user set password=password('123456') where user='root' and host='e8126d0481d2';
MariaDB [mysql]> flush privileges;
MariaDB [mysql]> exit

容器登錄驗證

[root@e8126d0481d2 /]# mysql -u root -h 172.17.0.2 -p
Enter password:
MariaDB [(none)]> exit

創建容器啓動腳本

[root@e8126d0481d2 ~]# cat run.sh
#!/bin/sh
mysqld_safe

創建鏡像

[root@test01 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
e8126d0481d2 centos "/bin/bash" 11 minutes ago Exited (0) 8 seconds ago mysql_server
[root@test01 ~]# docker commit mysql_server mariadb:1.0

創建容器

[root@test01 ~]# docker run -d -p 13306:3306 mariadb:1.0 /root/run.sh
[root@test01 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
eed3e88a1261 mariadb:1.0 "mysqld_safe" 4 seconds ago Up 3 seconds 0.0.0.0:13306->3306/tcp romantic_hamilton

主機登錄驗證

[root@test01 ~]# yum -y install mariadb
[root@test01 ~]# mysql -u root --port=13306 -p
MariaDB [(none)]>

基於Dockerfile方式創建

設置創建目錄和文件
[root@test01 ~]# mkdir mariadb_dockerfile && cd mariadb_dockerfile
[root@test01 mariadb_dockerfile]# touch db_init.sh 
[root@test01 mariadb_dockerfile]# touch run.sh
編輯Dockerfile等文件
Dockerfile
[root@test01 mariadb_dockerfile]# cat Dockerfile 
#使用的基礎鏡像
FROM centos:7.4.1708
#添加作者信息
MAINTAINER liuxin [email protected]
#安裝mariadb數據庫
RUN yum -y install mariadb-server
#設置環境變量，便於管理
ENV MARIADB_USER root
ENV MARIADB_PASS 123456
#讓容器支持中文
ENV LC_ALL en_US.UTF-8
#初始化數據庫
ADD db_init.sh /root/db_init.sh
RUN chmod 775 /root/db_init.sh
RUN /root/db_init.sh
#導出端口
EXPOSE 3306
#添加啓動文件
ADD run.sh /root/run.sh
RUN chmod 775 /root/run.sh
#設置默認啓動命令
CMD ["/root/run.sh"]
db_init.sh
[root@test01 mariadb_dockerfile]# cat db_init.sh 
#!/bin/bash
mysql_install_db --user=mysql
sleep 3
mysqld_safe &
sleep 3
#mysqladmin -u "$MARIADB_USER" password "$MARIADB_PASS"
mysql -e "use mysql; grant all privileges on *.* to '$MARIADB_USER'@'%' identified by '$MARIADB_PASS' with grant option;"
h=$(hostname)
mysql -e "use mysql; update user set password=password('$MARIADB_PASS') where user='$MARIADB_USER' and host='$h';"
mysql -e "flush privileges;"
run.sh
[root@test01 mariadb_dockerfile]# cat run.sh 
#!/bin/bash
mysqld_safe

創建鏡像

[root@test01 mariadb_dockerfile]# docker build -t liuxin/centos-mariadb:v1 ./

創建容器

[root@test01 mariadb_dockerfile]# docker run -d -p 13306:3306 liuxin/centos-mariadb:v1 /root/run.sh
[root@test01 mariadb_dockerfile]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
7743527ac603 liuxin/centos-mariadb:v1 "/root/run.sh" 5 seconds ago Up 3 seconds 0.0.0.0:13306->3306/tcp nostalgic_mirzakhani

登錄驗證

[root@test01 mariadb_dockerfile]# mysql -uroot -h 127.0.0.1 --port=13306 -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.56-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> exit