No.28 霍加斯 | 被稱爲"英國繪畫之父"
摘要:Portrait of Lady Mary Grey and Lord George Grey,1740。23歲的霍加斯以銅版畫家身分獨立開業,他不喜歡學院派的清規戒律,喜愛自由馳騁,善畫諷刺畫,他的油畫是跟國王御用畫家詹姆士·索赫爾爵士學的。
William Hogarth
威廉·霍加斯
英國, (1697-1764)
威廉·霍加斯(1697年11月10日-1764年10月26日)是英國著名畫家、版畫家、諷刺畫家和歐洲連環漫畫的先驅。他的作品範圍極廣,從卓越的現實主義肖像畫到連環畫系列。他的許多作品經常諷刺和嘲笑當時的政治和風俗。後來這種風格被稱爲“霍加斯風格”,他也被稱爲"英國繪畫之父"。
—— By ArtYouhua
The Beggar's Opera,1729
威廉·霍加斯生於倫敦附近的巴多羅摩一個貧窮教師家庭,父親是一位教師。霍加斯家境貧苦,父親深知兒子有繪畫才能,就在15歲時送他到一位金銀雕刻家E.甘布爾門下學藝。年輕時霍加斯在萊斯特廣場作爲雕版家埃利斯·甘波的學徒,學習刻版印刷簡單的圖片。他很喜歡大都會的街道生活和倫敦的市集,經常畫一些他見到的人自娛自樂。
Prospero and Miranda from "The Tempest" of William Shakespeare,1728
23歲的霍加斯以銅版畫家身分獨立開業,他不喜歡學院派的清規戒律,喜愛自由馳騁,善畫諷刺畫,他的油畫是跟國王御用畫家詹姆士·索赫爾爵士學的。他的藝術天賦是善於模仿,這種素質對他熟練地掌握油畫技法是不可或缺的。霍加斯晚年對青年們講述自己時說:"我有一副好眼力。此外,模仿是兒童們具有的天性, 但在我身上特別突出。看到什麼就模仿什麼,使我感到說不出的愉快。"
The Wedding of Stephen Beckingham and Mary Cox,1729
就在他的銅版組畫《煙花女子哈洛特墮落記》發表而被社會注意後不久,霍加斯愛上了一位貴族的女兒。在那個時代,由於出身不同,他們的愛情是不被允許的。他們只得雙雙私奔。詹姆斯·桑希爾爵士宣佈和女兒斷絕關係,但桑希爾夫人心疼女兒,最終還是寬宥了。當霍加斯的上述銅版畫組畫展出後,她便買了下來,佈置在餐室內。老爵士見到便問是何人所畫,夫人告訴他"你的女婿"。老爵士看到了這個青年的藝術才華,就默認了這個事實。
Emblematical print of the South Sea Scheme,1721
1764年,霍加斯在倫敦逝世,埋葬在聖尼古拉斯教堂墓園。他的好友演員戴維·蓋瑞克爲他的墓碑題詞。
A Just View of the English Stage,1724
Hudibras Encounters the Skimmington, from 'Hudibras', by Samuel Butler,1726
Mary Toft, apparently giving birth to rabbits,1726
Falstaff Examining His Recruits,1728
威廉·霍加斯是英國畫家,藝術理論家,可以說是英國第一位在歐洲贏得聲譽的、富於民族特色的美術家。
The Denunciation,1729
霍加斯的藝術受到以魯本斯爲代表的巴洛克藝術影響,尼德蘭的博斯和勃魯蓋爾給他的諷刺畫創作有極大的啓迪,也不能忽視法國的羅可可藝術和倫勃朗藝術在他創作中起的作用。
The Ashley and Popple Family,1730
霍加斯熱愛生活,他的創作題材都取自現實生活,他對現實社會中的人物和事件都有極敏銳的觀察和理解,他具有畫家的眼和手以及小說家的頭腦,他還利用藝術對大衆進行道德教育。
The Theft of a Watch,1731
霍加斯不僅是畫家,也是位美學家,他著有《美的分析》,是歐洲美學史上第一篇關於形式分析的美學專著。他主張用優美、雅緻的曲線作爲達到繪畫美的鑰匙。
The sleeping church,1728-1729
經過18世紀英國風俗畫奠基人霍加斯的開拓,英國繪畫發展的曙光才得以在英倫三島上升起,由於他的尖銳諷刺畫揭露了英國貴族上流社會的醜惡腐朽,有力地推動了英國的民主主義啓蒙思想。
A Scene from the Beggar's Opera,1728-1729
The Fishing Party,1730
The Fountaine Family,1730
Before the Seduction and After,1731
Wanstead Assembly at Wanstead_ House,1731
The Children's Theater In The House Of John Conduit,1731-1732
Gerard Anne Edwards in His Cradle,1733
Portrait of Sarah Macholm in Prison,1733
Southwark Fair,1733
Marriage,1732-1735
Scene in a tavern,1732-1735
The arrest for theft,1732-1735
The heir,1732-1735
The Madhouse,1732-1735
The prison,1732-1735
Rake's Progress' The Gaming House,1732-1735
The Distrest Poet,1729-1736
The Four Times of Day: Night,1736
The Pool of Bethesda,1736
The Good Samaritan,1737
Portrait of Augusta of Saxe Gotha,1736-1738
Portrait of Dr. Benjamin Hoadly,1738
Strolling Actresses Dressing in Barn,1738
Times of the Day, Noon,1738
Lord Hervey and His Friends,1738-1739
Mrs Catherine Edwards,1739
George Arnold,1740
Portrait of Captain Coram,1740
Portrait of Lady Mary Grey and Lord George Grey,1740
Satan, Sin and Death,1740
William Jones,1740
The Enraged Musician,1741
William Cavendish, Marquess of Hartington, Later 4th Duke of Devonshire,1741
Miss Mary Edwards,1742
The Graham Children,1742
The Strode Family,1738-1742
Characters and Caricaturas,1743
Portrait of Bischofs Benjamin Hoadly,1743
The Battle of the Pictures,1743
The Tete-a-Tete,1743
Portrait of Madam Salter,1744
The Staymaker,1744
David Garrick as Richard III,1745
Self portrait,1745
Suicide of the Countess,1743-1745
The Ball,1745
The Countess's Morning Levee,1743-1745
The Marriage Contract,1743-1745
The murder of the count,1743-1745
The Wedding Banquet,1745
Untitled, dubbed The Shrimp Girl, sometimes The Saleswoman of Crabs,1740-1745
Visit with the Quack Doctor,1743-1745
Moses Brought Before Pharaoh's Daughter,1746
The Mackinen Children,1747
The March of the Guards to Finchley,1750
Beer Street,1751
Cruelty in perfection,1751
First stage of cruelty,1751
Gin Lane,1750-1751
Second stage of cruelty,1751
The Reward of Cruelty,1751
Columbus Breaking the Egg (Christopher Columbus),1752
Moses Brought to the Pharaoh's Daughter,1752
Election propaganda,1754-1755
The Banquet,1754-1755
The Polling,1754-1755
The triumph of Representatives,1754-1755
David Garrick and his Wife,1757
Self portrait,1757
The Bench,1758
The Bench,1758
Sigismonda,1758-1759
The Lady's Last Stake,1759
John Wilkes,1763
The Bruiser Charles Churchill, once the Reverend, in the Character of a Russian Hercules,1763
The Times, plate 2,1762-1763
A Harlot's Progress, plate 1
A Harlot's Progress, plate 2
A Harlot's Progress, plate 3
A Harlot's Progress, plate 4
A Harlot's Progress, plate 5
A Harlot's Progress, plate 6
A Midnight Modern Conversation
After (Outdoor Scene)
Analisis of Beauty
Before
Before
Benefit ticket (Mr Milward)' A Bold Stroke for a Wife
編輯:油畫世界(ID:ArtYouhua)
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