宾补的作用是补充说明宾语,交代宾语干什么、怎么样等,近年来对宾补用法的考查越来越多,主要集中在:形容词作宾补、不定时作宾补、分词作宾补三种情况。

1. 我们先看第一种:形容词做宾补,初中英语中,形容词做宾补的动词有:keep,make,find 等;

It's hard to keep the room tidy with three children.

有三个孩子,保持房间整洁太难了。

You must keep your eyes closed when we are hiding.

我们躲起来的时候,你得闭眼。

Never make your mom sad.

永远不要让你的妈妈伤心。

2. 第二种:不定式作宾补,分带 to 、不带 to 两种;常考动词:want,tell,ask,let,make,see 等常见于考卷。

I want him to come to my house.

我想让他来我家。

Tell him to come at once.

给他说(让他)马上过来。

We can ask Mr. Chen to help us.

我们可以找陈老师帮忙。

Don't let the dog run out of the gate. ( 必须不要 to ,最好记的就是 Let's go!)

不要让狗狗跑出大门。

After class, the teacher made him stay. (make--让,用法同 let)

下课后,老师让她留下。

I saw you play basketball every day.(看到打球全过程,区别于:看到......正在打球)

我每天都看你打篮球。(看到打完)

3. 第三种:分词作宾补,包括现在分词、过去分词两种。see,watch,hear,keep,get, have 等。跟现在分词:宾语和分词之间的关系是:宾语去执行分词的动作;跟过去分词的时候,宾语接受分词的动作;在通俗一点:宾语和现在分词之间是主动关系;和过去分词之间是被动关系。

As I left the house, I saw the milkman waving to me. (牛奶工发出挥手动作)

当我要出门时,看见送牛奶的朝我招手。

Watching the ants working is exciting. (蚂蚁做出干活动作)

观察蚂蚁干活,是令人兴奋的事。

Listen! Can you hear someone shouting? (someone 发出 shouting)

听!能听到有人呼喊吗?

He kept me waiting for an hour. (我 发出 等 的动作)

他让我等了一个小时。

You'd better get your houmework done before 9:00. (作业被做)

你最好在9点之前做完作业。

They had the tree cut down yesterday.(树被砍,cut 是过去分词,不是原形)

他们昨天叫人把树砍了。

She went to the dentist and had her tooth pulled out. (牙被拔)

她去看牙医,并把牙拔了。

4. 名词也可作宾补

We choose Sam monitor.

我们选 Sam 当班长。

let、make、have 这几个“表示让”的动词,用被动语态的时候,省去的 to 必须加上!

He was made to stay after class.

他下课后,被留下了。

相关文章