睡覺時蚊子在耳邊飛，開燈後卻很難找到，它藏在哪兒的可能性比較大？

我也不知道啊……

那咱們來說一說蚊子如何咬人吧。

蚊子叮人不用眼睛，而以人呼出的二氧化碳、體表散發出來的汗味以及熱量爲線索來確定人的位置。在蚊子的觸鬚上，有一種叫“機械性刺激感受器”的器官。在找到人的位置後，它們會利用“機械性刺激感受器”輕觸人的皮膚，然後根據不同的阻力來尋找細動脈和小靜脈血管。同時，蚊子的觸鬚上還有一種叫“化學感受器”的器官，它可以幫助蚊子哪些人的血液中富含膽固醇和維生素B，這些是它們最“喜愛”的營養。

夏天蚊子辣麼多，怎麼辦呢？

一定要儘管門窗啊，不然蚊子乘隙而入。

風油精、六神花露水很好用有沒有？

去野外一定要穿好長褲，帶上防蚊噴霧，儘量不要暴露皮膚。

還有啊，廚餘垃圾要及時扔掉。

話不多說，一起來讀一讀今天的雙語新聞吧。

In an experiment with global implications, Australian scientists have successfully wiped out more than 80% of disease-carrying mosquitoes in trial locations across north Queensland.

在一項具有全球意義的試驗中，澳大利亞科學家在昆士蘭北部的試驗基地成功消滅了80%以上攜帶疾病的蚊子。

The experiment, conducted by scientists from the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) and James Cook University (JCU), targeted Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which spread deadly diseases such as dengue fever and Zika.

此項試驗由英聯邦科學與工業組織（CSIRO）和詹姆斯庫克大學（JCU）的科學家聯合主導，以埃及伊蚊爲試驗對象，這類蚊子在昆士蘭北部傳播致命疾病，如登革熱和寨卡病毒。

In JCU laboratories, researchers bred almost 20 million mosquitoes, infecting males with bacteria that made them sterile. Then, last summer, they released over three million of them in three towns on the Cassowary Coast. The sterile male mosquitoes didn't bite or spread disease, but when they mated with wild females, the resulting eggs didn't hatch, and the population crashed.

在JCU試驗室，研究人員培育了近兩千萬隻蚊子，通過感染雄性細菌使它們絕育。去年夏天，他們在沿海的三個小鎮釋放了三百萬只蚊子。絕育雄性蚊子既不會咬人，也不會傳播疾病。但當它們跟野生雌蚊交配時，卵不會孵化，以此來消滅蚊羣。

"The invasive Aedes aegypti mosquito is one of the world's most dangerous pests," said CSIRO Director of Health and Biosecurity Rob Grenfell in a statement, describing the experiment as a victory. "Although the majority of mosquitoes don't spread diseases, the three mostly deadly types -- the Aedes, Anopheles and Culex -- are found almost all over the world and are responsible for around (17%) of infectious disease transmissions globally."

SCIRO衛生與生物安全主任羅布·格倫弗說：“這種侵入的埃及伊蚊是世界上最危險的害蟲之一”，他認爲這一試驗是很成功的。儘管大多數蚊子並不會傳播疾病，但三種最致命的蚊子：伊蚊、按蚊和庫蚊幾乎遍佈全球，它們傳播了全世界17%的傳染病。

The successful experiment offers a potential new solution against diseases which infect millions every year.

這次成功的試驗有可能提供一個新方案，以解決每年使百萬人感染疾病的難題。

Many mosquito-spread diseases are difficult to treat. Some don't have effective vaccines, pesticides can be unsustainable, and methods such as clearing standing water are inefficient against mosquito breeding rates.

很多蚊蟲傳播的疾病是難以治療的。現在尚無有效疫苗，殺蟲劑亦非長久之計，而積水淨化等方法對抗蚊子繁殖收效見微。

The Zika virus is an info. Its explosive outbreak in 2015 infected millions worldwide, causing babies to be born with neurological disorders. Researchers raced to develop a vaccine, and many are still conducting trials. Although the process used in the experiment, called the Sterile Insect Technique, has been around since the 1950s, it has never been used for mosquitoes like the Aedes aegypti.

寨卡病毒臭名昭著。2015年全球爆發，數百萬人感染寨卡病毒，嬰兒一出生就患上神經系統疾病。研究人員爭前恐後地研製疫苗，然而至今還在試驗中。無菌昆蟲技術，這種試驗方法自1950年以來就一直存在，但卻從沒有用在埃及伊蚊這一類蚊子身上。

"We learned a lot from collaborating on this first tropical trial and we're excited to see how this approach might be applied in other regions where Aedes aegypti poses a threat to life and health," Kyran Staunton from James Cook University said in a statement.

詹姆斯庫克大學的 在一份聲明中說：“我們在這一次熱帶試驗的合作中學到很多東西，這一方法可能適用於其他生命健康遭受威脅的地區，我們對此非常激動。”

Scientists in the Cairns region of Australia have also used similar techniques replace populations with mosquitoes that couldn't spread infections, according to ABC News.

據美國廣播公司新聞報道，澳大利亞凱恩斯地區的科學家們也使用了類似技術，用無法傳播感染的蚊子來替代埃及伊蚊。

Since the Aedes aegypti is an invasive species native to Africa, wiping them out in Australia wouldn't do much ecological damage in the country. The main ecological impact would be to restore the ecosystem to how it was before the mosquitoes invaded.

由於埃及伊蚊是一種入侵物種，原產非洲。因此，澳大利亞在本土消滅它們不會造成太大的生態破壞。主要的生態影響將會是恢復蚊羣入侵前的生態系統。

Words and Expressions

wipe out：消滅

conducted by：由...指揮

sterile：不生育的；貧瘠的

be responsible for：爲…負責，形成…的原因; 主管;

pesticide：殺蟲劑；農藥

unsustainable：不可持續的

infamous：臭名昭著的；聲名狼藉的

collaborate：合作