#高考英语阅读技巧#

一说到学习,很多人都这么认为:聪明的孩子,成绩好是自然的,而成绩不好就是太笨,没有学习的天分。

通过对考入名校的200个学霸调查发现:但凡那些成绩好的学生,基本都善于总结和运用学习方法和技巧,从而在学习中事半功倍。

学习上,没有笨的孩子;只有不会学的孩子。

距离高考还有不到一个月的时间,这段时间不仅要复习各科知识,还要掌握一些答题技巧和方法,以便在高考中游刃有余。

今天,小天就为大家整理了英语阅读理解的一些解题方法和技巧,帮助考生们冲刺英语高分。

英语阅读理解——3个答题方法

1. 语块阅读法

顾名思义,就是在阅读的时候,将句子中的重点语块作为突破对象,提高阅读速度、答题效率。

The most hopeful data shared in the report 1/ shows clear evidence of 2/ parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids 3/ when it comes to reading. 4/ Data shows that 5/ kids and teens who do read frequently, 6/ compared to infrequent readers, 7/ have more books in the home, 8/ more books purchased for them, 9/ parents who read more often, 10/ and parents who set aside time for them to read. 11

这个文段共67词,如果逐字阅读,即进行67个频次的阅读。如果以语块为单位进行阅读,很明显,11个频次就可以完成。通过两个数据对比,我们发现以语块为单位来阅读时,阅读速度是非常快的。考生可以在练习的时候,自己试一试。

2. 关键词阅读法

关键词也可以叫作关键信息,把握文中的关键信息点,以此来选择正确的答案。

A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53 percent) have breakfast aloneand nearly half (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.

(2019全国II卷 阅读C)

What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?

A. Food variety. B. Eating habits.

C. Table manners. D. Restaurant service.

通过对关键词的把握,我们可以明确这段文字的内容:与饮食相关的研究报告。报告中利用数据说明了美国人独自就餐这一现象越来越普遍。故答案为B。

3. 掌握长难句

Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响)on college admissions and practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach.” And that annoying bacteria?Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.(2019全国II卷 阅读D)

What is the best title for the text?

A. NASA: The Home of Astronauts

B. Space: The Final Homework Frontier

C. Nature: An Outdoor Classroom

D. HUNCH: A College Admission Reform

该段落画线句子是一个复合句。句中谓语动词“says”后面的宾语从句省略了引导词“that”,“readying a workable solution to test in space.”为现在分词短语作状语。由该句可知,学生们每天都在给“NASA engineers”发送关于细菌问题的电子邮件,准备一个可行的解决方案在太空中进行测试。浏览全文,结合该句,可以看出本文主要介绍了“NASA engineers”把细菌问题交给这些高中生们,目的是将科技与学校教育结合起来。所以答案为B。

4. 熟词生义

Our exhibits will feed your mind, but what about your body?(2017全国I卷阅读A)

词义分析:“feed”常见意思为“喂养,饲养”,本句中的“feed”意思为“to satisfy a need, desire, etc. and keep it strong”,也就是“满足需要、愿望等”。

句子翻译:我们的可以充实你的心灵,但你的身体呢?

Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.(2017全国III卷阅读B)

词义分析:“complex”一般用作形容词,意为“复杂的”,本句中“complex”为名词,意思为“a group of buildings designed for a particular purpose, or one large building divided into several smaller areas”,也就是“综合大楼”。

句子翻译:布拉德福德把这栋楼和这块地卖给了当地的一个开发公司,这家公司计划在这家剧院所在的这块土地上建一栋综合购物大楼。

阅读理解4个解题技巧

1. 主旨大意

1)正确选项特点

(1)具有概括性、总结性;

(2)选项不是具体的细节描述。

2)错误选项特点

(1)对主旨的概括不够准确,用某一个段落的主旨概括文章主旨;

(2)将文章中的一个细节作为主旨;

(3)对主旨的概括过于夸大,超出文章实际主旨的层面;

(4)偷换概念,故意将文章中的两个不相干的事物混搭在一起,与文章主旨不符;

(5)无中生有。

We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones, or worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.

What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.

Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. “Small talk is the basis of good manners,” he says.(2018全国II卷 阅读D,有删减)

What is the best title for the text?

A. Conversation Counts B. Ways of Making Small Talk

C. Benefits of Small Talk D. Uncomfortable Silence

正确选项分析:快速阅读第一段,未找到主题句,接着阅读第二段及最后一段,根据第二段最后一句以及最后一段最后一句可知,专家说闲聊是一种可带来巨大益处的极有价值的社交行为,且闲聊是礼貌的基础。C项意为“闲聊的好处”,与文章主题一致,因此答案为C项。

错误选项分析:A项意为“会话很重要”,属于偷换概念。“Conversation(会话,交谈)”和“Small Talk(闲聊)”不是一回事;B项意为“进行闲聊的方式”,文章中没有就闲聊的方式或做法给出具体的解释,所以此选项属于无中生有;D项意为“令人不舒服的沉默”,该现象只在第一段提到,不是全文的主旨,该选项属于以偏概全。

2. 细节理解

1)正确选项特点

(1)文章关键词复现,即文章关键词直接做选项;

(2)替换文章关键词,即把文章中要考查的关键词转换为同义词或短语,作为正确选项;

(3)句子简化,即将文章中的一些复杂句子进行简化,作为正确选项。

2)错误选项特点

(1)夸大或缩小细节;

(2)偷换概念,也称作张冠李戴,即将文章中某个细节的相关人或事物进行错位排列,这种选项很容易被学生当作正确选项;

(3)答非所问,即选项中的描述与文章一致,属于文章中的一个细节,但是与题设所问不符;

(4)段落相关信息干扰。

Pacific Science Center Guide

◆Visit Pacific Science Center’s Store

Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于)upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.

(2017全国I卷 阅读A)

Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?

A. In Building 1. B. In Building 3.

C. At the Laser Dome. D. At the Denny Way entrance.

正确选项分析

根据题设中的关键词“souvenir”快速定位到文章第一段,快速阅读第一段可以发现这个商店位于Building 3,所以答案为B项。

错误选项分析

A、D两项属于答非所问;C项和文章中“next to the Laser Dome”有些相似,属于段落相关信息干扰。

3. 推理判断

1)正确选项特点

(1)在文章中可以找到支撑选项的细节信息,即推理有据;

(2)推理的结论或态度与文章主题相符合。

2)错误选项特点

(1)只是原文细节信息的复述,并非推断出来的结论,把直接信息当作推理结论;

(2)看似是从原文推断出来的结论,实际上与原文不符,如因果倒置、手段变目的等;

(3)选项虽然符合常识,但与文章信息不符;

(4)将文章中的一些细节夸大化、绝对化,推理过度;

(5)无中生有。

“You can use me as a last resort(选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids’ lacrosse(长曲棍球)club.

I guess that there’s probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings.(2019全国II卷 阅读B)

What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph 1?

A. She knows little about the club.

B. She isn’t good at sports.

C. She just doesn’t want to volunteer.

D. She’s unable to meet her schedule.

正确选项分析

根据文章第一段中的“You can use me as a last resort, and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.”以及第二段中的“She may just need a little persuading.”可以推断出,这位家长不想做一名志愿者。因此正确答案为C项。

错误选项分析

A项意为“她几乎不了解长曲棍球俱乐部”,D项意为“她不能应付自己的日程安排”,这两个选项都不属于推理判断结论;B项意为“她不擅长运动”,文章未提及该信息,也没有能推出该结论的相关信息,属于无中生有。

4.词义猜测

1)正确选项特点

(1)画线词的同义词或同义短语;

(2)画线句的同义转述或概括。

2)错误选项特点

(1)画线词的常见意思;

(2)与画线词所在句子意思相符,但不符合画线词所在段落的主题;

(3)随意猜测,不合逻辑。

Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, “But I’m just not creative.”(2016全国II卷 阅读B)

What does the underlined word “downside” in paragraph 4 probably mean?

A. Mistake. B. Drawback. C. Difficulty. D. Burden.

正确选项分析

根据画线词后面的句意可知,作者鼓励孩子们这种思维可能会面临失去那些有不同思维风格的学生的危险。由此判断出这种做法有它不利的一面。B项意为“缺点,障碍”,与画线词意思相近,故答案为B项。

错误选项分析

A项意为“错误”;C项意为“困难”;D项意为“负担”。这几个干扰项只符合句子表面意思,但不符合上下文意思和段落主旨。

相关文章